SARS-CoV-2 possesses a characteristic surface protein, the spike protein, which plays a central role in viral entry into host cells. The evolution of spike protein mutations has been an important ...

Researchers from University of Tsukuba and Institute of Science Tokyo have identified nonrandom patterns in the emergence of spike D614 reversions in publicly available SARS-CoV-2 genomic data.

BA.3.2 spread internationally after first being identified in South Africa in November 2024, with detections rising from September 2025 and reports from at least 23 countries by 11 February 2026. U.S.

Despite the rapid development of several vaccine platforms, long-term control of COVID-19 is limited by short-lived immunity (about 6 months) and the emergence of variants of concern, such as SARS-CoV ...

A new study suggests people vaccinated against COVID-19 can still easily spread the delta variant among households just as likely as people who are unvaccinated. The United Kingdom-based study was ...